jueves, 28 de mayo de 2020

Black Sheriffs Are Less Likely to Pursue Low-Level Arrests Against People of Color

Richard Stanek, sheriff from Hennepin County, Minnesota (left); Danny Glick, sheriff from Laramie County, Wyoming (center); and John Layton, sheriff from Marion County, Indiana (right), at a listening session with President Donald Trump in the Roosevelt Room of the White House on February 7th, 2017.
New research finds that black sheriffs have different priorities from their white counterparts.

The phrase "There's a new sheriff in town" serves as an admonishment that, under fresh leadership, things are about to change. It turns out that's literally true: New research reports that, when a black sheriff replaces a white one, there is a notable shift in who gets arrested under the new regime, and who doesn't.
"I find compelling evidence that the race of the sheriff affects the race of arrestees, especially for less-serious offenses," writes economist George Bulman of the University of California–Santa Cruz.
Specifically, Bulman finds that the ratio of blacks to whites who are arrested is significantly higher under white sheriffs, in part because white sheriffs place a greater emphasis on policing criminal behavior that is traditionally associated with black Americans.
Bulman created a data set noting the race of every county sheriff between 1991 and 2015. Sheriffs are the top law-enforcement officers in each of the United States' 3,100 counties, primarily patrolling unincorporated areas and cities too small to have their own police forces.

The economist discovered 102 counties that had seen at least one transition between a black sheriff and a white one over the course of those 24 years. Utilizing comprehensive arrest records kept by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, he compared the records of the old and new sheriffs, and found a clear pattern.
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Whites Believe They Are Victims of Racism More Often Than Blacks


Whites believe that they have replaced blacks as the primary victims of racial discrimination in contemporary America, according to a new study from researchers at Tufts University's School of Arts and Sciences and Harvard Business School. The findings, say the authors, show that America has not achieved the "post-racial" society that some predicted in the wake of Barack Obama's election.
Both whites and blacks agree that anti-black racism has decreased over the last 60 years, according to the study. However, whites believe that anti-white racism has increased and is now a bigger problem than anti-black racism.
"It's a pretty surprising finding when you think of the wide range of disparities that still exist in society, most of which show black Americans with worse outcomes than whites in areas such as income, home ownership, health, and employment," says Tufts Associate Professor of Psychology Samuel Sommers, PhD, coauthor of the study that appears in Perspectives on Psychological Science.
Researchers asked a nation-wide sample of 208 blacks and 209 whites to indicate the extent to which they felt blacks and whites were the targets of discrimination in each decade from the 1950s to the 2000s. A scale of 1 to 10 was used, with 1 being "not at all" and 10 being "very much." 

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¿Mata la policía de EE.UU. a más negros, que blancos?


Siendo rigurosos, ni blancos ni negros; indios americanos. Sorprendentemente, de las 791 personas muertas a manos de la policía de EE.UU. este año, 13 eran nativas americanas. Esta cifra aunque parezca baja es la mayor en relación a la población de esta comunidad. Así, desde enero de 2016, por cada millón de indios murieron 5,49 de ellos, la mayor porción de todas las víctimas registradas en función de su grupo étnico. Todo ello, según los datos ofrecidos por un proyecto llamado The Counted que lleva a cabo el diario británico The Guardian desde el año pasado.
De todos modos, si volvemos a la pregunta inicial, la respuesta, esta vez en términos absolutos, apunta a los blancos. Las fuerzas de seguridad estadounidenses han disparado hasta la muerte en lo que va de año a más blancos que negros. En concreto, hubo 387 blancos frente a 197 afroamericanos. El resto son hispanos (130), asiáticos (13) y otras etnias (53).
Por millón de habitantes
Pero los datos toman otro significado cuando se observan en función de la población de cada grupo. Según el último censo recogido por The Washington Post, en Estados Unidos hay 160 millones de blancos más que negros. Dicho de otro modo, de todas las personas que viven en el país, un 62% son blancas mientras que un 13% son afroamericanas.
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Existe realmente un movimiento extremista de identidad negra en Estados Unidos como sostiene el FBI



Doce páginas de un informe de inteligencia de Estados Unidos bastaron para revivir viejos temores de persecución a la comunidad negra de este país. 

El texto del Buró Federal de Investigación (FBI, por su sigla en inglés) advierte que el movimiento Extremistas de Identidad Negra (Black Identity Extremists) estaría detrás de ataques premeditados contra policías.

Y sostiene que ese movimiento puede contener actividades criminales violentas y con motivación ideológica, alimentadas por "incidentes de presuntos abusos policiales contra afroamericanos".
El documento está fechado el 3 de agosto y, desde que la publicación Foreign Policy revelara su contenido el mes pasado, ha provocado reacciones de congresistas y activistas que rechazan su contenido. 

 La evaluación del FBI fue presentada por su división de contraterrorismo. 
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